Installation Notes for WordPress (Apache, MySQL, ProFTPd)

Notes for installing WordPress on Debian. 

Apache2 VirtualHost (HTTP/S)

Enable Apache rewrite and ssl modules:

# a2enmod rewrite ssl

Add the following configuration to /etc/apache2/httpd.conf.

<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerAdmin [email protected]
        ServerName example.com
        ServerAlias blog.example.com

	RewriteEngine On
        RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
        RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI}
        
        ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/wordpress_error.log
        CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/wordpress_access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:443>
        ServerAdmin [email protected]
        ServerName example.com
        ServerAlias blog.example.com

        SSLEngine on
        SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 -SSLv3
        SSLCertificateFile      /etc/ssl/webserver/server.crt
        SSLCertificateKeyFile   /etc/ssl/webserver/server.key
        SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/webserver/server-ca-bundle.crt

        LogLevel error
        ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/wordpress_error.log
        CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/wordpress_access.log combined
       
        DocumentRoot /data/ftp/wordpress
        <Directory />
                Options FollowSymLinks MultiViews
                AllowOverride All
                Order allow,deny
                allow from all
                SSLRequireSSL
        </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

MySQL Database and User

Get a list of existing MySQL users and hosts.

mysql> SELECT user,host FROM mysql.user;

Create a new WordPress database with a new user.

mysql> CREATE DATABASE my_wp;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON my_wp.* TO "wpuser"@"localhost" IDENTIFIED BY "passwd";
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

mysql> SHOW grants FOR 'wpuser'@'localhost';
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for wpuser@localhost                                                     |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'wpuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*4502000000' |
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `my_wp`.* TO 'wpuser'@'localhost'                       |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Delete a user from MySQL.

mysql> DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE user='username';

ProFTPd User

Webserver’s group ID:

# grep www-data /etc/group
www-data:x:33:

FTP root is under /data/ftp/. Add new ProFTPd user:

# ftpasswd --passwd --file=/etc/proftpd/auth/users.passwd --name=ftpuser --home=/data/ftp/wordpress --shell=/bin/false --uid=33 --gid=33

How to set up ProFTPd.

Or alternatively add the following line to wp-config.php to update wordpress without ftp:

define('FS_METHOD','direct');

WordPress Installation and Configuration

Download and install:

# wget http://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
# tar xf ./latest.tar.gz -C /data/ftp
# chown -R root:root /data/ftp/wordpress
# chmod 0755 /data/ftp/wordpress
# chown -R www-data:root /data/ftp/wordpress/wp-content 
# cd ./wordpress
# cp ./wp-config-sample.php ./wp-config.php
# chown root:www-data ./wp-config.php
# chmod 0640 ./wp-config.php

Open wp-config.php and configure appropriatelly.

//MySQL settings
define('DB_NAME', 'my_wp');
define('DB_USER', 'wpuser');
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'wppasswd');
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');
define('DB_COLLATE', '');

//FTP config
define('FS_METHOD', 'direct');
define('FTP_BASE', '/data/ftp/wordpress');
define('FTP_USER', 'ftpuser');
define('FTP_PASS', 'ftppasswd');
define('FTP_HOST', 'localhost');
define('FTP_SSL', false);

//Get keys from: https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/
define('AUTH_KEY',         'U@0ODy*54');
define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY',  ',fL!xtyZ=');
define('LOGGED_IN_KEY',    '_uYlu&amp');
define('NONCE_KEY',        'DB|pL_,L0');
define('AUTH_SALT',        'HSCA^k)1i');
define('SECURE_AUTH_SALT', 'PHzO#OZgE');
define('LOGGED_IN_SALT',   '6b,8ymis)');
define('NONCE_SALT',       'Q<~d=?');

//WordPress database table prefix
$table_prefix  = 'wp_';

define('WPLANG', '');
define('WP_DEBUG', false);

if ( !defined('ABSPATH') )
        define('ABSPATH', dirname(__FILE__) . '/');

require_once(ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php');

Navigate to https://localhost/wp-admin/install.php and finish the installation.

Change WordPress Sitename in MySQL Database

To get existing values:

mysql> SELECT * from wp_options WHERE option_name = 'siteurl';
mysql> SELECT * from wp_options WHERE option_name = 'home';

To put new values:

mysql> UPDATE wp_options SET option_value = 'http://example.com' WHERE option_name = 'siteurl';

mysql> UPDATE wp_options SET option_value = 'http://example.com' WHERE option_name = 'home';

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